![]() ![]() Once greenhouse transplants in a tray become infected, it is advised to destroy the affected tray and any adjacent trays, since the pathogen will have likely spread to neighboring trays due to irrigation splashing, even if transplants look healthy. Spores of the pathogen can survive on crop residue, so sanitation is key to prevent this disease in the greenhouse and a 2-year crop rotation may be needed for fields that have experienced severe infections. The disease is favored by warm (61☏–75☏), wet conditions (4–10 hours of leaf wetness), and the pathogen is dispersed by water splashing (rain, overhead irrigation), thus, using drip irrigation will help contain infections. The gummy stem blight pathogen can be seedborne, therefore, treating seeds prior to planting is recommended. Pycnidia can be seen with a 10x handheld lens as small brown to black dots (Photo: Shawn Butler, NCSU Plant Disease and Insect Clinic) Note the pycnidia (round, brown reproductive structures) on the surface. 3: close-up of a watermelon seedling stem infected with gummy stem blight seen under a microscope. Please note that some applications and/or services may not function as expected when translated. NC State Extension does not guarantee the accuracy of the translated text. As with any Internet translation, the conversion is not context-sensitive and may not translate the text to its original meaning. ![]() To the extent there is any conflict between the English text and the translation, English controls.Ĭlicking on the translation link activates a free translation service to convert the page to Spanish. Por favor, tenga en cuenta que algunas aplicaciones y/o servicios pueden no funcionar como se espera cuando se traducen.Įnglish is the controlling language of this page. NC State Extension no garantiza la exactitud del texto traducido. Al igual que con cualquier traducción por Internet, la conversión no es sensible al contexto y puede que no traduzca el texto en su significado original. En la medida en que haya algún conflicto entre la traducción al inglés y la traducción, el inglés prevalece.Īl hacer clic en el enlace de traducción se activa un servicio de traducción gratuito para convertir la página al español. NC State Plant Disease and Insect ClinicĮl inglés es el idioma de control de esta página.© 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.ĭidymella bryoniae Stagonosporopsis cross-resistance demethylation inhibitor fungicide resistance gummy stem blight quinone outside inhibitor strobilurin succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor triazole. This study provides useful information for effectively managing both species of GSB fungi present in the southeastern USA and understanding the evolution of fungicide resistance within populations of plant-pathogenic fungi. Frequent genetic recombination within populations may be responsible for resistance to multiple fungicides. citrulli.īoth the lack of association of fungicide resistance profiles with genetic similarity of isolates based on microsatellite loci and the finding that widely distributed MLG varied in fungicide resistance profiles suggest that independent evolutionary events for resistance to boscalid have likely occurred. ![]() A unique mutation of I229V in SdhB, a target of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides, was detected for the fluopyram-resistant isolate of S. Additionally, isolates sharing the same MLG varied by SdhB genotype. citrulli isolates, but the phenotypes were not associated with multilocus genotypes (MLG) determined by 16 microsatellite loci. Phenotypic differences in response to boscalid were detected among S. citrulli except two were resistant to azoxystrobin. citrulli isolates were sensitive to tebuconazole and sensitive to fluopyram, with one exception that was fluopyram-resistant. caricae isolates screened were resistant to tebuconazole and azoxystrobin, and sensitive to boscalid and fluopyram. caricae isolates to four different fungicides were determined based on in vitro mycelial growth assays and molecular markers based on genes encoding fungicide targets.Īll 19 S. To better understand the evolution and persistence of fungicide resistance in field populations, resistance profiles of unique and clonal genotypes of 113 Stagonosporopsis citrulli and 19 S. that cause GSB have rapidly evolved resistance to multiple classes of fungicides. ![]() Gummy stem blight (GSB) is a devastating disease of cucurbits that has been effectively managed with fungicide applications. ![]()
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